The foot is a critical weight-bearing and locomotive organ of human body, with its morphological and dimensional variations influenced by factors such as gender, age and ethnicity. The morphological characteristics and dimensions of the foot during different periods also have a significant impact on athletic performance and competitive abilities. Current research on foot morphology encompasses age, gender, and ethnic differences in foot morphology; factors influencing foot morphology; methods for collecting foot-related data; and applications of foot morphology. This review summarizes research data and conclusions from existing literature, outlines the current state of foot morphology variation studies and related measurement methods, and examines domestic research progress while offering future prospects.

Objective: To investigate the effects of remimazolam on sepsis-induced myocardial injury in rats by regulating the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3)/interleukin (IL)-1β signaling pathway. Methods: Mice were randomly divided into seven groups: cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) group, control group, low-dose remimazolam group, high-dose remimazolam group, ampicillin group, and high-dose remimazolam+ NLRP3 activator (DDC) group. Except for the control group, sepsis models were induced in the other groups via CLP surgery. After successful modeling, drug administration was performed once a day for two consecutive days. The changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) in mice were detected. ELISA was performed to detected the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CKMB), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in serum, and the levels of IL-6, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in myocardial tissue. H-E staining was utilized to assess myocardial pathology. TUNEL staining was employed to measure cell apoptosis in myocardial tissue. Western blotting was conducted to measure p53, Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), NLRP3, and IL-1β protein in myocardial tissue. Results: Remimazolam can improve myocardial injury in mice, as evidenced by increased LVEF and LVEF and decreased levels of LDH, CK-MB, cTNI in serum, along with the decreased levels of IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α in myocardial tissue. It also decreased the apoptosis rate and the levels of p53, Bax, NLRP3, and IL-1β protein. DDC reversed the inhibitory effect of high-dose remimazolam on inflammation and cell apoptosis in mice with sepsis-induced myocardial injury. Conclusion: Remimazolam may alleviate sepsis-induced myocardial injury by inhibiting the NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway, thereby reducing inflammation and apoptosis in mice.