Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of hyperoside on myocardial damage
in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: SHR rats were randomly divided into SHR group, hyperoside
group, positive control (losartan) group, recombinant high mobility group box 1 (rHMGB1) group, and hyperoside
+rHMGB1 group. Additionally, Wistar Kyoto rats served as control group. After the intervention, blood pressure
and cardiac function indicators were measured in rats. Serum samples were collected to detect the levels of atrial
natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the supernatant. Tissue slices were prepared to
assess pathological and fibrotic changes in cardiac tissue. The mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor
necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and HMGB1/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway-related proteins in tissues
were detected. Results: Compared with the control group, the SHR group showed lower left ventricular ejection
fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), while demonstrating higher systolic and diastolic
blood pressure, ANP and BNP levels, fibrosis area ratio, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left
ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD), TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression, and HMGB1 and TLR4 protein
expression. Compared with the SHR group, the hyperoside group and the positive control group had higher LVEF
and LVFS, while indicating lower systolic and diastolic
blood pressure, ANP and BNP levels, fibrosis area ratio,
LVEDD, LVESD, TNF-α, IL-1β mRNA expression,and HMGB1 and TLR4 protein expression. The rHMGB1 group showed lower LVEF and LVFS, and higher systolic
and diastolic blood pressure, ANP and BNP levels, fibrosis area ratio, LVEDD, LVESD, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA
expression, and HMGB1 and TLR4 protein expression. Compared with the rHMGB1 group, the hyperoside+rHMGB1
group exhibited higher LVEF and LVFS, and lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, ANP and BNP levels,
fibrosis area ratio, LVEDD, LVESD, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression, and HMGB1 and TLR4 proteins expression
were decreased. Compared with the hyperoside group, the hyperoside+rHMGB1 group displayed lower LVEF and
LVFS, and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, ANP and BNP levels, fibrosis area ratio, LVEDD, LVESD,
TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression, and HMGB1 and TLR4 protein expression. Conclusion: Hyperoside can
alleviate myocardial damage in SHR rats by suppressing the HMGB 1/TLR4 signaling pathway.
